Modeling thermal front dynamics in geothermal reservoirs using an open-source MRST–MATLAB simulation framework

Memon, Abdul Rashid — 2026-02-20T00:00:00Z

Geo-Energy Transition and Carbon Management, (in Press).
Abdul Rashid Memon, Pijus Makauskas
Geothermal energy is a renewable, continuous, globally accessible resource which also helps in reducing carbon emissions. Subsurface aquifers containing thermal water are therefore highly attractive, not only as a sustainable energy source but also as potential reservoirs for large-scale energy storage – an increasingly important function to mitigate the seasonal imbalance native to renewable energy utilization. The detailed and profound knowledge of these processes requires accurate, efficient, and adaptable numerical simulation frameworks. In this study, we present a geothermal simulation workflow implemented in MATLAB, specifically targeting low- to moderate-enthalpy geothermal systems. The accuracy and robustness of this workflow are assessed through benchmarking the MRST-based geothermal module against T-NAVIGATOR, a widely used commercial reservoir simulator. Furthermore, we demonstrate the applicability of this approach by conducting geothermal simulations for selected Lithuanian aquifer complexes, thereby highlighting the potential of geothermal modeling for both energy production and underground energy storage applications.

Cumulative information on the status of H2 production and subsurface storage in India

Verma, Apoorv — 2026-06-16T00:00:00Z

Geo-Energy Transition and Carbon Management, (in Press).
Apoorv Verma, Mayur Pal
This review article consolidates the status and prospects of hydrogen (H2) production and underground storage (UHS) in India, emphasizing its role in the energy transition and climate commitments. Studies suggest that H2 production is currently dominated by carbon-intensive methods such as steam methane reforming and coal gasification, transitioning to renewable-powered electrolysis is critical for sustainability. Reports reveals that India’s National Green H2 Mission targets 5 million metric tons (MMT) of green H2 production annually by 2030, supported by 125 GW of renewable energy capacity, to decarbonize sectors like transportation, heavy industry, and chemical manufacturing. India’s geographical advantages, including high solar irradiance and wind potential, provide a strong foundation for green hydrogen production. Additionally, UHS in geological formations such as salt caverns and depleted reservoirs offer large-scale storage potential, with sedimentary basins like Mumbai Offshore and Krishna-Godavari identified as key regions. However, in India, it is essential to evaluate challenges such as high costs, safety concerns, and the regulatory framework associated with UHS. Work on UHS in India has been negligible; whatever limited progress has been made remains purely conceptual, necessitating experimental and simulation-based studies to translate these concepts into practical reality. Overall, there is a tremendous need for targeted research, pilot projects, and policy cooperation to establish India as a global leader in the production and underground storage of H2.

Geo-Energy Transition and Carbon Management: Table of Contents

Modeling thermal front dynamics in geothermal reservoirs using an open-source MRST–MATLAB simulation framework

Cumulative information on the status of H2 production and subsurface storage in India